Russell, George H., b. 1871

This photograph shows men in kilts and athletic gear on Fairgrounds, Topsfield, Massachusetts. Other people in the stands behind them. Most likely is a group of Scottish clans from Massachusetts, not a fraternal organization.

View of men and women in formal dress, Lowell, Massachusetts. Dated April 25, 1928. The United Order of Golden Cross is a mutual assessment beneficiary society organized by Freemasons, to benefit men and women who abstained from alcoholic beverages. The organization provides care for members in sickness and distress, and life insurance. (Stevens, Cyclopedia of Fraternities, p.412)

View of men and women in formal dress, wearing fraternal and sororal sashes and ribbons. Annual session located in Boston, Massachusetts. Dated April 22, 1910. A.O. U. W. was founded in 1868, one of the oldest fraternal Orders in United States. They provided insurance benefits to their membership. Only white males could join this fraternity. Much Masonic influence in ritual and symbols. (Stevens, Cyclopedia of Fraternities, p.128-130)

View of group of men in formal dress. Located in Lowell, Massachusetts. No date is given. Knights of Pythias is one of largest and most influential secret societies in America. Its purpose was charitable and benevolent. It was founded at the close of the Civil War. (Stevens, Cyclopedia of Fraternities, p.263-266)

View of a group of men in formal dress, many with fraternal pins. Located at West Haven Connecticut. Dated October 15, 1929. Another group of Knights of Pythias who base their ritual on the story of Damon and Pythias. This society embraces principles of friendship, charity, and benevolence. Members were required to be a white male to be eligible for membership. (Schmidt. Fraternal Organizations, p.183-186)

View of women in formal dress, some sitting and some standing. The Daughters of St. George was founded in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1871 as an ethnic fraternal benefit society for women of English descent residing in U.S. and relatives of members of the Order of the Sons of St. George. The organization provided sick and death benefits to members, as well as social activities. Lowell, Massachusetts, dated October 1, 1919. (Preuss. Dictionary of Secret and Other Societies, p.105)

View of women formally dressed in front of State House, Boston, Massachusetts. Dated November 7, 1929.

Includes Chelsea Purple Lodge, No. 146; Puritan Daughters Lodge, No. 264; Princess of Orange Lodge, No.10; and men, women, and children. No location or date given. Loyal Orange Institution is British in origin. Only Protestants are eligible. Its role in the United States was to promote civil and religious liberty and loyalty to the government. (Stevens, Cyclopedia of Fraternities, p. 306-309)

Group of men in informal dress. Location is at Billerica, Massachusetts. Dated July 21, 1919. One of the many temperance organizations